A person commits _____ with an act of sexual penetration and certain conditions regarding the victim's consent.

The correct choice is criminal sexual assault. This term specifically refers to situations where a person engages in sexual penetration without the victim's consent, or where consent is obtained through coercion or manipulation. The legal definition emphasizes that the act involves sexual penetration, which is a crucial element in distinguishing it from other offenses.

In this context, it is essential to recognize the legal parameters of consent and the implications of sexual penetration. The law aims to protect individuals from being subjected to such violations, and it is critical for all parties involved to understand the nature of consent and the severity of these offenses.

While other terms, like criminal sexual abuse and rape, imply serious sexual offenses, they encompass slightly different scenarios or legal definitions. For instance, rape generally involves sexual intercourse, whereas criminal sexual abuse may cover a broader range of sexual conduct without the specific focus on penetration.

By understanding that criminal sexual assault pertains specifically to the act described in the question and the conditions around consent, individuals can better grasp the legal distinctions and the serious consequences of these actions.